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RESEARCH PAPER RULES

Your paper should consist of the following general sections:

#                                HEADINGS
1       Introduction
2      Materials and                  Methods
3      Results and                   Discussion
4      Conclusions

Acknowledgment (optional)

5       References

Every section should implement the following guidelines:

PAPER SECTION WHAT SHOULD EVERY SECTION CONTAIN
1. Introduction (Font Arial, Size 11)
  • Explain why this is interesting or important research and what was the aim of the research.
  • Describe the approach used in sufficient detail, so that a reader who may not be familiar with the topic will understand what was done, and why.
  • Introduce the question/s tested by research.
  • Keep it brief.
  • Text in Font Arial, Size 10.
2. Materials and Methods (Font Arial, Size 11)
  • This section should contain a description of the materials used and methods employed in the form which makes the results reproducible but without a detailed description of already known methods.
  • The details of a published protocol do not need to be reproduced in the text, but an appropriate reference should be cited (ex. “…as described by Joyeux , and George M., [1]”). Any changes from the published method or protocol should be described.
  • Use figures and/or tables to present the original data, or show key data taken directly from the original papers and provide a brief description of statistical tests used, if applicable.
  • Do not quote or cite the methods from a manual or o Text in Font Arial, Size 10.
  • Summarize the data collected and, if applicable, its statistical treatment (include only relevant data but give sufficient detail to justify the conclusion).
3. Results and Discussion (Font Arial, Size 11)
  • Use equations, figures, and tables only where necessary for clarity and brevity.
  • Be objective when discussing the results; point out the features and limitations of the work.
  • Relate and compare the results to current knowledge in the field and briefly state the logical implications of the results. Centre around the following question: What exactly has the research contributed towards? Suggest conducting a further study, if warranted.
  • Text in Font Arial, Size 10.
4. Conclusion (Font Arial, Size 11)
  • The purpose of this section is to interpret the original problem, based on the evidence presented.
  • Conclusions should be brief, they should summarize major points succinctly, point out the significance of the results and discuss the open questions that remain in the area, as well as future directions that the research could undertake.
  • Do not include irrelevant information. o Text in Font Arial, Size 10.
Acknowledgment – optional (Font Arial, Size 11)
  • Advice, or other kinds of assistance (thinking up, designing, or carrying out the work), can be included in this section.
  • Authors can always acknowledge outside reviewers of their drafts, as well as any sources of funding that supported the research.
  • Keep it brief.
  • Text in Font Arial, Size 10.
  • Literature references should be numbered and listed in order of citation in the text.
5. References (Font Arial, Size 11)
  • Each reference should be cited in the text.
  • Enclose reference numbers in square brackets in the text, for ex. [1], [2], [3] … etc.
  • At a minimum, at least 8-10 references are required.
  • In-text references should be selective, rather than extensive.
  • Avoid references to works that have not been peer-reviewed.
  • Avoid using endnotes or footers. o Text in Font Arial, Size 9.

The author should apply the following Paper Element Rules when writing their paper:

TABLES

Tables should be consecutively cited in the text. Each table should be announced in the last sentence before its introduction, as can be seen in the examples below:

Example 1 – In researching display campaigns on Facebook, we can see the results in each of the stages of the purchased funnel used (Table 1).
Example 2 – The following Table 1 clearly explains the results in each of the stages of the purchased funnel.

Table 1. Display campaigns on Facebook

Phase

Cost / Conversion

Click Through Rate (CTR)

Conversion Rate

Impressions / Conversions

Awareness

10.5 €

0.5 %

1.6 %

12.091

Evaluation

8.6 €

0.7 %

2.8 %

5.454

Decision

5.7 €

1.2 %

7.0 %

1.204

Source: author’s calculations / or reference to obtained information (table)

  • If applicable, include all the units of measurement.
  • Each table needs a short descriptive title above it (Font Arial, Size 9, Bold), numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals, clearly defining the data
  • If necessary, suitably identified footnotes (Font Arial, Size 8) should be typed directly below the table and should be referred to by superscript lowercase letters identifying connection with the main table.

FIGURES

  • Figures (photographs, illustrations, diagrams, schemes) should be consecutively cited in the text. Each figure should be announced in the last sentence before its introduction, as can be seen in the examples below:

    Example 1 – Following the results of the biannual car sales in the USA, we can see a certain market trend starting to emerge (Figure 1).
    Example 2 – In Figure 1 you can see the trend of biannual car sales in the USA.

Figure 1. Biannual car sales in the USA

  • If applicable, include all the units of measurement.
  • Each Figure needs a short descriptive title below it (Font Arial, Size 9, Bold), numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals, clearly defining the data
  • Each figure, or group of Figures, should be planned to fit into the area of either one or two columns of text. The maximum finished size of a Figure is 8.0 cm in width or less.
  • Figures should also be in an electronic form, as TIFF or JPG files, with a minimum of 300 dpi, or a higher resolution.

EQUATIONS

  • Equations used should be consecutively written and marked in the text (Font Arial, Size 8, Bold), numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals, clearly defining the data presented for each part of the equation.
  • Make sure you place the equations in a table format, with one section for the equation, and one for the numeration.

 

Example – Based on the aggregated results of all tests, an estimate of the trend is described by the following equation (Eq. 1):

𝐴𝑠 = 1,76∗ − 0, 03∗∗𝑡 (1)

Where:

𝐴𝑠– share on the total consumer basket
* – 𝛼 = 0,01
** – 𝛼 = 0,05
𝑡 – time

UNITS

  • The SI (Systéme Internationale d’Unites) for quantities and units should be used throughout the whole text. If nomenclature is specialized, the section should be included at the end of the paper, giving definitions and dimensions for all terms.
  • Everything in Latin should be italicized (ex. per capita).

ABBREVIATIONS

  • Abbreviations can be used throughout the text, pending they have already been explained at least three times in their full name before the abbreviation is used.
  • Standard abbreviations include min., cm., mL, etc.
  • In general, abbreviations should not be written in the plural.

 

Example – Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).

  •  

CITATIONS

  • It is essential to credit published papers for the work done in your
  • In-text citations should refer to the reference list.
  • When citing, only the surname of up to two authors may be given, whereas in the case of more than two authors, quote only the surname of the first author and add et (in italics), for example:

 

Example 1 (up to two authors) – Moore and Moschis, [1]
Example 2 (more than two authors) – Levin et al., [1]

REFERENCES

General Rules

  • Literature references should be written in Font Arial, Size 9, numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in square brackets, and listed in order of citation in the text.
  • If the titles are in languages other than English, then the language in which it is written should be provided (ex. Law on Electronic Invoicing (in Serbian)).
  • For online citations, a minimum that should be provided is the author/s (or web page owner/s) surname/s, date of publishing, title, the full URL, and the full date (day, month, year) when the citation was accessed.
  • Each reference is split into 3 parts: Authors and Year; Title; Publishing All 3 parts are separated by full stops.
  • Authors’ or Editors’ names should be written in the following manner: Last name – full, Middle Name (if applicable) – only the first letter, First name – only the first letter.
  • In References you should write the full names of all authors and/or Editors, without using et
  • Year of publishing should be written in brackets, after the authors or
  • Titles should always be written in italic.
  • A general type of reference example can look like this:

 

[1] Dastidar S. G., Datta B. (2009). Demographic differences in consumer exploratory tendencies: An empirical examination (in Indian). IIMB Management Review, Vol. 21, No. 4, pp. 297–312.

Types of Reference Structures

Books / Manuals (1st edition)
[1] Murray, N. M. (2011). Economic controversies. Ludwig von Mises Institute.

Books / Manuals (2nd, 3rd, etc. editions)
[1] DePamphilis, D. (2021). Mergers, acquisitions, and other restructuring activities (11th ed.). Academic Press.

Book chapters
[1] Haselton, M. G., Nettle, D., & Andrews, P. W. (2005). The evolution of cognitive bias. In D. M. Buss (Ed.), The Handbook of evolutionary psychology (pp. 724-746). John Wiley & Sons.

Journals/Papers
[1] Abubakar, A. M., Ilkan, M., Al-Tal, R. M., & Eluwole, K. K. (2017). eWOM, revisit intention, destination trust, and gender. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 31, pp. 220-227.

Scientific meetings
(Congresses, Conferences, etc.)

[1] Ickler, H., Schülke, S., Wilfling, S., & Baumöl, U. (2009). New challenges in e-commerce: How social commerce influences the customer process. In Proceedings of the 5th National Conference on Computing and Information Technology (NCCIT) (pp. 51-57).

White papers / Reports
[1] International Monetary Fund. (2018). World economic outlook. IMF.

Laws / Regulations
[1] Serbian Ministry of Finances. (2015). Law on electronic invoicing (in Serbian). Official Gazette of RS, No. 44/2021.

Online Citations

[1] World Economic Forum, The Global Competitiveness Report 2023, 2023. Accessed: precise date.
<URL: https://www.weforum.org/reports/the-global-competitiveness-report-2023.

Additional Common Types of References:

  1. Theses and Dissertations

    • Used for citing research conducted for academic degrees.

  2. Newspaper Articles

    • Used for current events, opinions, and reports published in newspapers.

  3. Magazine Articles

    • Similar to newspapers but often focused on specific topics or general interest.

  4. Government Documents

    • Official publications, reports, or documents issued by government agencies.

  5. Standards and Guidelines

    • Technical standards and guidelines published by organizations like ISO, IEEE, etc.

  6. Websites

    • Non-academic content found online that doesn’t fit other categories.

  7. Patents

    • Official documents that describe inventions and grant rights to inventors.

  8. Datasets

    • Citing datasets used in research, often including details like the publisher, version, and access date.

  9. Presentations and Lectures

    • Information from academic presentations, lectures, and speeches.

  10. Podcasts and Webinars

    • Audio or video resources such as podcasts, webinars, or interviews.

  11. Multimedia (Videos, Films, Music)

    • Visual or audio content, including films, YouTube videos, and songs.

  12. Software and Code

    • Citing software, code, or algorithms used in research.